Sociology
What concept refers to the idea that organizations can be become increasingly rationalized over time?
A.
McDonaldization
B.
Rationalization
C.
Bureaucratization
D.
Institutionalization
Which sociologist is known for his work on bureaucracy?
A.
Max Weber
B.
Karl Max
C.
Emile Durkheim
D.
George Simmel
What does the term "oligarchy" refer to in the context of organizations?
A.
A system where power is held by a small number of people
B.
A democratic organization with equal participation
C.
A type of informal group with no leadership structure
D.
A large organization that operates without rules
Which term refers to the tendency for individuals in a group to conform to the group's consensus?
A.
Groupthink
B.
Social loafing
C.
Role conflict
D.
Deindividuation
What is a characteristics of a formal organization?
A.
Informal communication patterns
B.
Lack of defined roles
C.
Established rules and procedures
D.
Emphasis on personal relationship
Which of the following best describes the concept of "group dynamics"?
A.
The study of how groups influence individuals behavior
B.
The process by which groups form and dissolve
C.
The interactions and processes that occur within a group
D.
The impact of external factors on group performance
What is the primary characteristics of a primary group?
A.
It is large and impersonal
B.
It is characterized by close, personal relationship
C.
It has a formal structure and defined roles
D.
It is focused on achieving specific tasks
Which term describes the phenomenon where individuals feel less responsible for their actions when they are part of a group?
A.
Social Loafing
B.
Group polarization
C.
Deindividuation
D.
Role Strain
What does "structural mobility" refer to?
A.
Movement within a specific class without changing overall structure
B.
Changes in societal structure that enables upward or downward movement for many people
C.
Movement based solely on individuals efforts
D.
The inability to change one's social class
In term of globalization, how does it affect local stratification system?
A.
It eliminates all forms of inequality globally
B.
It creates new forms of inequality based on global economic structures
C.
It has no impact on local hierarchies or inequalities
D.
It promotes uniform definitions of acceptable behaviors worldwide
Which term describes the phenomenon where wealth is concentrated in the hands of a small percentage of the population?
A.
Economic equality
B.
Income inequality
C.
Wealth disparity
D.
Economic stratification
What is the significance of "cultural capital" in understanding stratification?
A.
It refers to financial resources available to individuals
B.
It encompasses non-financial social assets that promote social mobility
C.
It indicates one's biological inheritance
D.
It has no impact on social status
Which type of mobility occurs when an individual's social position changes without changing the overall structure of society?
A.
Intergenerational mobility
B.
Intragenerational mobility
C.
Structural mobility
D.
Horizontal mobility
What does "status inconsistency" refer to?
A.
When an individual's social status is consistent across different contexts
B.
When an individuals holds different statuses that contradict each other in terms of prestige and power
C.
When an individuals has no defined social status
D.
When an societal norms are unclear about status roles
Which perspective argues that stratification serves as purpose in society as a whole by ensuring that the most qualified individuals fill important roles?
A.
Social-Conflict Theory
B.
Structural-Functionalism
C.
Symbolic Interactionism
D.
Feminist Theory
What is one major factors contributing to poverty in the United States?
A.
High level of education
B.
Economic recession
C.
Strong family support systems
D.
Low crime rates
What does the term "meritocracy" refer to?
A.
A system where social status is determined by birth
B.
A society where individuals achieve success based on their abilities and efforts
C.
A form of government where merit is irrelevant
D.
A system that reinforces existing inequalities
Which sociologist is associated with the concept of "Life chances"?
A.
Karl Max
B.
Max Weber
C.
Emile Durkheim
D.
Pierre Bourdieu
What is a characteristics of a caste system?
A.
It allows for significant social mobility
B.
It is based on economic status alone
C.
It is closed system where individuals are born into their social status
D.
It promotes equality among all members
Which term refers to the movement of individuals or groups from one social class to another?
A.
Social mobility
B.
Social stratification
C.
Social Capital
D.
Social inequality
What is the primary focus of social-conflict theory regarding stratification?
A.
To explain how stratification contributes to societal stability
B.
To highlights the inequalities and power dynamics that create and maintain stratification
C.
To analyze how individuals perceive their social status
D.
To study the impact of globalization on social hierarchies
Which of the following best describes the term "stratification"?
A.
The classification of individuals based on their interests
B.
The hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on various factors
C.
The process of socialization within a community
D.
The distribution of wealth among nations
In term of globalization, how does it affect stratification?
A.
It reduces inequalities between developed and developing countries
B.
It creates new forms of inequality based on global economic structures
C.
It eliminates all forms of stratification globally
D.
It has no impact on local hierarchies or inequalities
Which term refer to the idea that one's position in the social hierarchy can influence their life chances?
A.
Social Capital
B.
Life course perspective
C.
Social Status
D.
Cultural capital
What is meant by "maintaining stratification"?
A.
Ensuring equal opportunities for all members of society
B.
Reinforcing existing inequalities through various mechanisms
C.
Promoting social mobility across classes
D.
Eliminating all forms of hierarchy in society